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준비물 :  
Magican

Mac OS X 디스크 정리 및 관리

Dsik Repair


추가 : Mac OS X Tip

추가: Photo Stream, Time Machine 설정/제거하기

Lion 이후 하드디스크의 기타용량이 차지하는 공간이 점점 늘어나기 시작했다.  우선 Photo Stream 의 사진을 제거하는 방법이다. : http://osx86.tistory.com/1241

Swap 파일 제거하는 방법 
다음은 Time Machine 로컬백업 해제하는 방법이다.

Text Editor와 미리보기에서도 iCloud를 사용한다.

iWork's 09 에서도 Time Machine 기능이 내장되어 디스크 공간을 점유한다.

iCloud 에 공유되는 문서 제거하는 방법

우선 여기까지만 진행하여도 디스크 공간을 많이 절약할 수 있다.
물론, 활성화 되는 메모리도 줄일 수 있다.

다음 단계로 진행하기 전에 자신의 다큐먼트, 다운로드 공간의 화일들을 깔끔하게 백업받아두고 제거한다.
그럼에도 불구하고 이슈가 있으면 아래 내용대로 하나씩 조심스레 진행해 본다.

아래 글을 읽기 전에 Mac OS X 운영체제에 초보이신 분들은 DiskWave 나 DiskInventory X 를 설치하여 GUI환경에서 확인해 보는 것도 적절하다.

1. 디스크 공간을 차지하는 디렉토리 용량

간단 디렉토리 할당 공간:

directory space comments
/usr 947 MB Unix commands (bin, sbin), X11
/Applications 2439 MB
/private 2497 MB mostly 2 GB for the sleep image
/System 4100 MB Frameworks, Speech, Fonts, Perl, Java, etc.
/Library 7117 MB Application Support, Printers, Audio, core Fonts, Dictionaries, Receipts, etc.

용량이 큰 어플리케이션:

application space
iChat 111 MB
iDVD 120 MB
iMovie 120 MB
iTunes 120 MB
iPhoto 169 MB
GarageBand 181 MB
Mail 287 MB
iWeb 338 MB

시스템 관련 용량이 큰 디렉토리 :

application space
Library/Speech/Voices 703 MB
Library/Frameworks 1358 MB

용량이 큰 /Library 디렉토리:

directory space comments
/Library/Documentation 542 MB mostly help text
/Library/Application Support/iPhoto 407 MB
/Library/Application Support/iDVD 438 MB
/Library/Application Support/GarageBand 756 MB
/Library/Printers 3231 MB

프린터 관련하여 만약 사용하지 않는 프린터기종과 관련한 화일이 있다면 제거하여 주는 것이 좋다.

이외에도 사용자 계정 최초 설정시 대략 15 MB, 캐시용량이 적어도 14MB 이상정도 Desktop 캐쉬가 기본적으로 6 MB 정도 할당된다.

2. languages 정리

일반적으로 프린터를 위한 Portuguese help text 는 잘 사용하지 않는다. 그리고 기본적인 사용언어 이외의 언어에 대한 도움말과 응용프로그램은 제거하는 것이 좋다. monolingual을 다운로드 하여 응용프로그램 폴더에 설치하여 준다. (혹은 어플리케이션/유틸리티)에 설치하여도 좋은데 monolingual 아이콘을 어플리케이션 폴더에 끌어다 넣어주면 된다.

실행하기 전에 시스템 환경설정(System Preferences > International > Languages > Edit List) 에서 사용하지 않는 언어를 체크해두었는지 확인한다. 이 작업은 English를 제외한 체크되지 않은 대부분의 언어를 제거한다.

이제 monolingual를 실행한다. 초큼 시간이 걸린다. 시스템 점검이 끝난 후 대략 3.2GB 이상의 공간을 절약할 수 있다고 나오면 일반적인 상황이다. 최초 디스크 사용량이 대략 17.48GB라는 점을 고려한다면 3.2GB는 대략 18%에 해당하므로 상당히 효과적인다.

monolingual 을 이용하여 불필요한 언어를 제거하였다면 다음 탭에서 입력메뉴, Kotoeri, Simplified Chinese, Traditional Chinese, Tamil, 그리고 Vietnamese등을 제거할 수 있다. 대략 53 MB 정도의 공간을 절약할 수 있다.

마지막 탭은 architectures 이다. 최근까지 monolingual would remove critical PPC code the System Frameworks directory의 PPC Code를 제거하고 Rosetta를 사용하지 않게 한다. 이 이슈는 현재 Lion에서는 별다른 문제가 되지 않지만 과거에는 심각한 이슈였었고 최근 버전으로 업데이트하면서 해결되었다. 대략 2 GB 정도의 공간을 절약할 수 있다.

이제 다음과 같이 다시 한번 디스크 사용량을 점검해 본다:

directory before after
/usr 947 MB 947 MB
/Applications 2439 MB 670 MB
/private 2497 MB 2496 MB
/System 4100 MB 3227 MB
/Library 7117 MB 6090 MB

용량이 큰 어플리케이션들이 여전히 남아 있을 것이다. :

application before after
iChat 111 MB 15 MB
iDVD 120 MB 63 MB
iMovie 120 MB 76 MB
iTunes 120 MB 51 MB
iPhoto 169 MB 67 MB
GarageBand 181 MB 87 MB
Mail 287 MB 25 MB
iWeb 338 MB 128 MB

많은 용량을 차지하는 정리된 /System 디렉토리:

application before after
Library/Speech/Voices 703 MB 703 MB
Library/Frameworks 1358 MB 1218 MB

대용량의 /Library 디렉토리:

directory before after
/Library/Documentation 542 MB 32 MB
/Library/Application Support/iPhoto 407 MB 387 MB
/Library/Application Support/iDVD 438 MB 433 MB
/Library/Application Support/GarageBand 756 MB 756 MB
/Library/Printers 3231 MB 2802 MB

이제 대략 17.48GB에서 대략 13.86 GB 정도 되었을 것이다.

최초설치

DVD나 USB를 이용하여 Mac OS X 를 설치할때 사용자화(Customize)를 선택하면 다음과 같은 선택항목들이 있다.:

  • Printer drivers (2.2 GB)
  • Additional fonts (141 MB)
  • Language translations (1.8 GB)
  • X11 (117 MB)
  • Bundled apps (4.7 GB)

아마도 디자이너나 개발자가 아니라면 additional fonts는 불필요하다. 주로 foreign-language 폰트이거나 기존버전의 foreign versions 인 경우가 대부분이다.(이를테면 Helvetica 폰트같은 경우 Cyrillic 혹은 Hebrew 버전이다). 이런 폰트를 설치하지 않더래도 foreign fonts는 여전히 존재한다.

또한 프린터 드라이버인 경우 대부분 제조사에서 최신 맥용 드라이버를 제공하니 설치하지 않는 것이 좋다.

다른 언어를 사용하지 않는 경우, 언어번역(language translations)도 필요하지 않다.

X11 같은 경우에는 가끔 Wine 같은 게임을 할 경우 기본적으로 있어야 하는 항목이지만, 필요하지 않다면 제거하여 주는 것이 좋다.

번들 어플리케이션은 필요한 어플리케이션만 스스로 결정한다.

사용자화를 통해 필요한 항목만 선택하였음에도 불구하고 foreign-language 지원 파일은 설치되므로 역시나 monolingual (혹은 비슷한 스크립터)을 이용하여 제거하여 준다.

응용프로그램(Applications) 제거

Apple 사는 기본적으로 어플리케이션을 제거할때 해당 어플리케이션을 드래킹하여 휴지통에 넣어주면 끝난다. 자주 그 방법이 먹히지 않는 경우가 있는데 Adobe사의 제품과 pkg형태로 제공되는 응용프로그램 대부분이 그러하다. 이런 응용프로그램은 기본적으로 재설치과정중에 해당모듈을 체크하지 않으면 제거된다.

물론, 이러한 방법으로 제거되지 않는 응용프로그램들은 AppZapperAppCleaner (무료)를 이용하여 관련된 응용프로그램들을 제거하여 준다. 물론, 예외적인 상황은 항상 있게 마련이고 과신해서는 안된다. 가능한 제작사에서 제공하는 응용프로그램 제거방법을 이용하는 것이 바람직하다.

매뉴얼로 제거할려면 다음과 같은 디렉토리를 확인한다.:

/Applications
어플리케이션 폴더는 기본적으로 이용되는 디렉토리로서 실행가능한 실행화일과 라이브러리 관련된 이미지/텍스트, 플러그인 그리고 버전 정보 화일들이 포함되어 있다.
/Users/your_name/Library/Preferences
어플리케이션과 관련하여 사용자 계정의 설정사항들이 여기에 저장된다. (예를 들면, 날씨위젯의 선택된 도시항목들) 대부분의 응용프로그램은 제작사의 도메인명을 이용하여 디렉토리를 생성한다. 이를테면 com.Google.GoogleEarthPlus.plist 같은 화일들이다. 다른 항목들은 어플리케이션 이름을 이용하여 디렉토리를 만들거나 혹은 회사 혹은 변수를 이용하여 디렉토리를 생성한다.
/Users/your_name/Library/Receipts
설치된 어플리케이션 정보들이 저장되는 디렉토리이다. 파일 리스트, pre-installation scripts, 와 post-installation scripts등이 포함되어 있다. package contents 항목을 보면 종종 Archive.bom,같은 파일명을 볼 수 있다. shell 커맨드를 이용하여 다음과 같이 확인해 본다.:

lsbom Archive.bom
소프트웨어 들이 설치된 장소나 항목들에 대한 정보를 얻게 될 것이다. 이를테면 다음과 같이 실행해 본다.

lsbom /Users/your_name/Library/Receipts/iDVD.pkg/Contents/Archive.bom
iDVD 같은 경우 6,229 여개의 파일과 디렉토리를 /Applications/iDVD.app에 생성한다. 또한 51개의 파일과 디렉토리를 /Library/Documentation/Applications/iDVD 에 생성한다.
이외에도 다음과 같은 디렉토리들이 있다.
/Library/Receipts
Same as the per-user Receipts directory but for applications and components installed at the system level.
/Library/Application Support
This is analogous to the user Application Support directory but holds system-wide components, such as sample projects and themes.
/Library/Preferences/
This is analogous to the user Library/Preferences directory but holds system-wide preferences.
/Library/StartupItems
시스템 시작시 실행되는 스크립터 리스트를 포함하고 있다.
또한 아래 그림과 같이 응용프로그램>유틸리티> 활성상태 보기를 이용하여 불필요한 프로세스가 없는지 여부를 확인한다.
Activity Monitor

예제: GarageBand 제거하기

우선 /Library/Receipts 디렉토리를 살펴보면 다음과 같은 화일들이 있다:

  • GarageBand.pkg
  • GarageBandFactoryContent.pkg
  • GarageBand_Instruments.pkg
  • GarageBand_Loops.pkg
  • GarageBand_MagicContent.pkg
이런 패키들로 인하여 생성된 디렉토리와 리스트를 다음과 같이 확인한다.

cd /Library/Receipts lsbom GarageBand* >/tmp/g.txt
g.txt 을 살펴보면 GarageBand 에 의해 생성된 파일과 디렉토리들을 확인할 수 있다. 프로그램에 의해 사용되어지는 디렉토리는 다음과 같다.:
  • /Applications/GarageBand.app
  • /Library/Audio/MIDI Drivers/EmagicUSBMIDIDriver.plugin
  • /Library/Documentation/Applications/GarageBand
  • /Library/QuickLook/GBQLGenerator.qlgenerator
  • /Library/Spotlight/GBSpotlightImporter.mdimporter
  • /Library/Application Support/GarageBand
  • /Library/Audio/Apple Loops

이들은 어플리케이션이 다시 설치된다면 재설치되는 항목들이다. 역시나 대략 944 MB 정도의 디스크 공간을 사용하고 큰화일들은 대락 다음과 같고 제거하여도 좋다.:

  • /Applications/GarageBand.app (87 MB)
  • /Library/Application Support/GarageBand (756 MB)
  • /Library/Audio/Apple Loops (96 MB)

예제: Printer Drivers 제거하기

/Library/Printers 디렉토리를 보면 제조사 리스트들을 볼 수 있다. 만약, 캐논 프린터를 사용할 계획이 없다면 Canon 프린터 드라이버들을 휴지통에 넣는다(대략 460 MB정도의 디스크 공간을 절약할 수 있다).

Printer_Library

물론, 상용 프로그램인 EaseUS CleanGenius를 사용해도 좋다.  또한 다음과 같이 메모리나 디스크 공간을 줄이기 위해 다양한 툴을 이용할 수도 있다.

예제: Screen Saver 파일 제거하기

/System/Library/Frameworks/ScreenSaver.framework/Versions/A/Resources/Default Collections 디렉토리를 보면 몇 가지 종류의 화면 보호기 화일들이 있다.  사용하지 않는 것은 제거한다.

Some handy links and tools on Mac OS X memory, paging, freeing up space etc.:

  • Freeing space on your Mac OS X startup disk
  • Free up Hard Disk space
  • Randy Singer's tips for "Out-Of-Control Cache or Log File"
  • OmniDiskSweeper (free) is a Mac OS X utility for quickly finding and deleting big, useless files and thus making space on your hard disks. OmniDiskSweeper makes this easy by highlighting the biggest files on your disks, and by noting which files are used by the system, so you don't accidentally delete important files.
  • Disk Inventory X shows the sizes of files and folders in a special graphical way called "treemaps". freeware (Universal version available)
  • Byte breakdown...useful MacWorld article on WhatSize, OmniDiskSweeper and GrandPerspective.
  • WhatSize is a simple tool that allows the user to quickly measure the size in bytes of a given folder and all subfolders and files within it. You would be surprised at how many useless files might be laying around on your hard disks. The files and folders are automatically sorted by size, with the biggest sizes first
  • Baseline similar to WhatSize shows files sorted by size on your hard drive. Read the Macworld reivew by Dan Frakes on Baseline, Whatsize and GrandPerspective
  • You also might want to consider iDefrag ($30): Defragmentation & Optimization for Mac OS X. It supports optimized defragging as well as simply (and quickly) joining free space into one continuous block. Also, it respects the system hot files. At $30
  • Memory diagnostics
  • RAM Usage
  • Introduction to Memory Usage Performance Guidelines



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:
Posted by uno-ani
2012. 10. 3. 14:39

MacFUSE 2.0 제거하기 Hackintosh/Tip2012. 10. 3. 14:39

MacFUSE 2.0 과 그 이상의 버전에서는 매뉴얼 스크립터를 돌리는 것은 바람직하지 않다.
다음과 같은 방법을 권고한다.

1. 시스템 환경설정에서 MacFUSE 를 실행한다음 "
Remove MacFUSE"를 실행한다.
2. 대부분이 시스템 환경설정에서 MacFUSE 아이콘에 마우스의 
control-click (right-click)을 이용하여 context menu에서 대부분 제거가능하다.
3. 만약 1번 단계에서 /System/Library/Extensions/ 폴더에 
"fusefs.kext"드라이버가 남아 있다면 비공식적인 MacFUSE 2 버전을 설치했다던가 제거과정의 버그가 있을 가능성이 높다.

:
Posted by Ritz®™
2012. 10. 3. 13:56

VirtualBox Uninstall Hackintosh/Q&A2012. 10. 3. 13:56

VirtualBox 는 설치 이미지에 제거 스크립터가 포함되어 있어 설치제거에 편리하다.

https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Downloads


VirtualBox


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Posted by Ritz®™
2012. 10. 3. 13:55

OS X 부팅/로그인이 안될 때 Hackintosh/Q&A2012. 10. 3. 13:55


로그인 화면은 나오지만 로그인 안되고 안전모드(-f -v -s) 부팅으로 시도를 하여도 로그인 안될 경우

가. 첫번째 시도.

먼저 싱글유저(-f -v -s)로 부팅시도를 하여 다음과 같은 명령어를 입력한다.

$ls /Users 
$dscl . -delete /Users/username AuthenticationAuthority 
$passwd username New password: 
$exit 

위와 같이 패스워드를 변경하고 진행하면 다시 부팅이 되면서 로그인 시도를 한다. 그래도 안되면 다음 단계를 진행한다.

나. 두번째 시도.  이 방법은 파일 시스템 문제발생시 재설치하지 않고 싱글유저모드에서 복구하는 방법이기도 하다.
  1. 싱글모드로 부팅하여 다음과 같이 system.log를 확인한다.
  2. /sbin/fsck -fy   <<<< 파일 시스템 복구는 이 명령어는 입력하여도 복구가능하다. 
  3. tail -20 /var/log/system.log
  4. more /var/log/system.log
  5. system.log를 확인하면 다음과 같이 유사한 에러로그가 있을 것이다.
loginwindow[281]: Login authorization failed (-60008)!

loginwindow[281]: AuthorizationRef doesn't have a username (<LoginAuthRefMgr: 0x44b60>) loginwindow[281]: exiting to console 2-1. 

#mount -uw / 
#cd /var/db/ 
#mv .AppleSetupDone .AppleSetupDone.bad 
#exit
 
위의 명령어를 주어 다시 재부팅한다. 
위의 명령어를 주면 설정모드로 부팅이 된다. 
하지만, 기존의 계정은 어떻게 해야 할까? 아직 진행중이다.

다. 세번째 시도

이렇게 하여도 안된다면
- sudo /etc/postfix/post-install create-missing

* 2-1 번과 3번은 순서를 달리하여도 됨.

라. 네번째 시도

위의 시도들이 다 실패하였다면 세팅관련 db과 문제 있을 것이다.  
이를확인하는 방법은 부팅이 잘 되는 정상적인 MAC 파티션으로 부팅하여 디스크 유틸리티에서 문제있는 하드디스크의 권한점검이나 복구를 시도하면 에러가 발생이 되며 복구가 안될 것이다.

이런 경우는 다음과 같이 관련 세팅을 처음부터 하여 주는 방법이 있다.
1. 싱글 유저로 부팅한다.
2. /sbin/mount -uw  /
3. cd /var/db
4. mv   .AppleSetupDone        .AppleSetupDone.Bak
5. exit

위 명령어를 주면 사용자 설정부터 다시 시작한다.

마. 위의 시도들이 모두 실패하였다면 리테일 dvd를 이용하여 재설치하여 주는 방법 밖에 없다.



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2012. 10. 2. 19:54

Stuffit Archive Manager Hackintosh/Q&A2012. 10. 2. 19:54

1. MAC OSX에서 사용하는 압축 유틸리티이다.
stuffit

2. Stuffit Destination

Stuffit Expander



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2012. 9. 30. 14:45

코덱 QuickTime Component Application/Final Cut2012. 9. 30. 14:45



먼저 Filp4Mac 사용은 현재로서는 자제를 해야 한다.  자세한 사항은 참고글을 읽어보면 된다.

우선 동영상 인코딩시 사용된 코덱을 확인해야 한다.

- 아래 그림은 MPlayerX를 이용하여 미디오 정보기능에서 코덱 정보를 확인하는 방법이다.
- 포맷 항목에 보면 필요한 코덱을 확인할 수 있다.

MPlayerX

무비스트에서는 다음과 같이 확인할 수 있다.

Moviest


우선 아래 코덱들을 이용하여도 해결이 되지 않는다면 팟벗을 이용하여 인코딩하여야 한다.

http://osx86.tistory.com/130

QuickTime Component

http://www.apple.com/quicktime/resources/components.html?os=OSX&ctype=696d6463&csubtype=464d5034


특히, Divx Trial 버전과 Perian은 필수로 설치하는 것이 좋다.
 
제품소개 : 
http://www.divx.com/en/software/divx-plus/player 

다운로드 : http://www.divx.com/en/software/download/start/mac
Perian : 
http://perian.en.softonic.com/mac

기타 코덱 : A52Codec 코덱

http://www.cod3r.com/download/get.php?name=a52codec.dmg

AC3 오디오 코덱은..
http://trac.cod3r.com/a52codec/   a52codec

  • QuickTime Player supports standard CEA-608 closed captions. Version 7.1.6 or higher is required to playback media with closed captions. Download the latest QuickTime version.

  • The latest DivX Codec (Win or Mac) lets you play DivX video in QuickTime Player and also consists of improved tools for the utmost encoding quality and performance, making it the best choice to convert or create your own DivX video content.

  • The Xvid component for QuickTime allows users to play & encode Xvids in QuickTime Player. Xvid is a video codec library following the MPEG-4 standard.

  • ZyGoVideo’s great looking, smooth playing, web-video codec is now available for Windows, Mac PPC and Mac Intel machines. ZyGoVideo provides high-quality video at prevalent modem rates. The ZyGoVideo component adds encoding capabilities to QuickTime Pro.

  • The ACT-L3 codec enables users to bring ACT-L3 into an Apple QuickTime environment. The combination of Apple QuickTime and ACT-L3 provides a low cost, high quality, high compression solution ideal for electronic field production. The codec works with any application that supports broadcasting or editing in an Apple QuickTime environment.

  • Autodesk’s FBX for QuickTime enables QuickTime as a 3D viewing solution that supports content from any professional 3D package. With FBX for QuickTime, digital artists can share, view, and interact with 3D content seamlessly, efficiently, and at no cost. Now available for both Mac OS X and Windows.

  • SheerVideo is a powerful, faster-than-real-time nondestructive codec for production, postproduction, and archival. For uncompressed formats, SheerVideo doubles disk speed, disk capacity, and transmission bandwidth with perfect fidelity, bit-for-bit identical to the original. Supports all standard uncompressed formats: RGB, YCbCr; 4:4:4, 4:2:2; optional alpha; 10bit, 8bit; progressive, interlaced; SD, HD, anyD; NTSC, PAL; 4:3, 16:9, any:any; arbitrary frame rate. Includes Synchromy™ nondestructive color conversion.

  • Totally Hip’s QScript Extension Essentials (QSXE) component allows you to utilize custom wired actions inside your QuickTime movies. Wired actions allow a QuickTime movie to modify and control itself (and other QuickTime movies) via scripts embedded within the movie.

    QSXE Key Features:

    - Store and retrieve data using cookies

    - Print directly within your QuickTime movie

    - Add video into Panoramic VRs

    You can author using this component with LiveStage Professional — Totally Hip’s award winning QuickTime authoring package.”M

  • Totally Hip’s Audio Visualizations component allows you to visualize audio in the form of a spectrogram, waveform, or spectrum analyzer.

    The Audio Visualizations components were developed by Totally Hip Technologies Inc. for the Cornell Lab of Ornithology - Macaulay Library & Bioacoustics Research Program.

    You can author using this component with LiveStage Professional — Totally Hip’s award winning QuickTime authoring package.

  • EnSharpen Video Codec is designed to produce the highest compression possible for screen recording content, while maintaining completely lossless video quality - even through the multiple decompression/recompression cycles in production processes. EnSharpen is perfect for delivering cross-platform software training videos and online learning objects. This component allows playback of EnSharpen encoded movies. For Mac OS9, OSX, and Windows.

  • REDCODE RAW QuickTime codec supports RT playback in Final Cut Pro and editing of the QuickTime Reference movies generated in camera. The REDCODE RAW QuickTime codec also allows for playback of REDCODE RAW movies directly from QuickTime Player or other QuickTime-enabled applications.

:
Posted by Ritz®™
2012. 9. 19. 08:24

iPartition Mobile/iPhone2012. 9. 19. 08:24

iPartition

스크린샷 2012-09-19 오전 7.51.08



iPartition





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:
Posted by Ritz®™

First of all, thanks realityiswhere,

Source from : http://www.projectosx.com/forum/index.php?showtopic=102

WORK IN PROGRESS

Important or frequently used kexts will be highlighted in Red. Problematic kexts (known to cause problems, not necessarily kexts to be removed) will be marked in Orange. Anything marked with Obsolete has nothing to do with Intel Macs or OSx86. Pseudo-Extensions only have an Info.plist and a version.plist, not a binary (binaries can be very, very loosely called “programs”).

If you see another table on the right of a kext, that means these kexts are located *INSIDE* of the kext on the left. Access them by right clicking the kext in question, click “show package contents”, under the Contents/PlugIns/ directory.

If anyone edits this and messes it up, I will be very sad sad.gif

Apple KEXTs
Kext Name Definition
ACard6280ATA.kext Obsolete SCSI/ATA drivers for Acard
ACard62xxM.kext Obsolete SCSI/ATA drivers for Acard
ACard67162.kext Obsolete SCSI/ATA drivers for Acard
ACard671xSCSI.kext Obsolete SCSI/ATA drivers for Acard
ACard6885M.kext Obsolete SCSI/ATA drivers for Acard
ACard68xxM.kext Obsolete SCSI/ATA drivers for Acard
ALF.kext Presumably used for the Algebraic Logic Functional Programming Language.
ATI6000Controller.kext ATI Native Driver for ATI Radeon HD 6000 Series GPU
ATINDRV.kext ATI Native Driver, presumably for non-Radeon cards. See the notes from the PowerMac G3
ATIRNDRV.kext Presumably for ATI Radeon Native Drivers.
ATIRadeon.kext Obsolete PPC Only
ATIRadeon8500.kext Obsolete PPC ATI Radeon 8500 driver.
ATIRadeon9700.kext test
ATIRadeonX1000.kext test
ATIRadeonX2000.kext test
ATTOExpressPCIPlus.kext PCI-E SCSI card drivers for ATTO
Apple02Audio.kext Obsolete Legacy audio kext.
Apple16X50Serial.kext Obsolete Used for serial connectors/adaptors
AppleACPIPlatform.kext ACPI is the standard for Power Management in computers, interacts with the EFI in real Macs, has to do with controlling interrupts (IRQ), non-volatile RAM, controlling sleep, thermal settings, controlling the RTC, contains other kexts including AppleACPIButtons.kext, AppleACPIIEC.kext, AppleACPIPCI.kext.
AppleAD741x.kext Digital temperature sensor driver.
AppleADBButtons.kext Obsolete Apple Desktop Bus (or ADB) is an obsolete bit-serial computer bus connecting low-speed devices to computers. Used primarily on the Apple Macintosh platform, ADB equipment is still available but not supported by most Apple hardware manufactured since 1999. <you>(No idea what this actual kext does, doesn’t really matter)</you>
AppleADBKeyboard.kext Obsolete Used for Apple Desktop Bus keyboards.
AppleADBMouse.kext Obsolete, used for Apple Desktop Bus mice.
AppleADM103x.kext ACPI-Compliant remote thermal monitor with integrated fan controller.
AppleADT746x.kext Thermal management controller and voltage monitor.
AppleAHCIPort.kext test
AppleAPIC.kext http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intel_APIC_Architecture
AppleAirPort.kext
Obsolete PPC Only - Airport kexts
Name Definition
AppleAirportFW.kext Obsolete PPC Only
AppleAirportFWAP.kext Obsolete PPC Only
AppleBMC.kext A baseboard management controller (BMC) is a specialized microcontroller embedded on the motherboard of a computer, generally a server. The BMC is the intelligence in the Intelligent Platform Management Interface (IPMI) architecture. The BMC manages the interface between system management software and platform hardware.
AppleBacklight.kext Backlighting support for Notebook displays, ie: changing the brightness/power settings of the lcd.
AppleBlower.kext Obsolete PPC Only, Most likely to do to with the fan, references in the binary to KeyLargo.
AppleCPUThermo.kext Obsolete PPC Only, temperature sensor, references in binary to PPCI2CInterface
AppleCore99NVRAM.kext Obsolete PPC Only.
AppleDallasDriver.kext Obsolete Legacy Audio kext
AppleEFIRuntime.kext Possibly used for EFI initialization of graphics card ROM BIOS.
AppleFCU.kext Nothing to do with the Apple Federal Credit Union, laugh.gif going through ASCII strings in the binary seems to indicate some form of sensor polling for PowerPC I2C Interface sensors.
AppleFPButton.kext test
AppleFWAudio.kext FireWire audio
AppleFan.kext Fan control
AppleFileSystemDriver.kext General filesystem driver for HFS+, Apple RAID.
AppleFlashNVRAM.kext Obsolete PPC Only, references to Jmicron in the binary, most likely has to do with flashing nvram as the name says.
AppleGPIO.kext General Purpose Input/Output
AppleGW.kext Graphics warning? Localizable strings and binary make reference to properly plugging the graphics card in, binary has nothing but button/alert text.
AppleGraphicsControl.kext Presumably for dynamic GPU switching on things like the Macbook Pro which has two GPUs, has to do with controlling brightness as well.
AppleGraphicsPowerManagement.kext Guess tongue.gif
AppleHDA.kext High Definition Audio kext, contains other audio kexts including: AppleHDAController.kext, IOHDAFamily.kext, and AppleHDAHALPlugin.bundle.
AppleHDAController.kext Found inside of AppleHDA.kext
AppleHIDKeyboard.kext Human Interface Device = Keyboard controls.
AppleHIDMouse.kext HID = Human Interface Device, mouse controls.
AppleHPET.kext High Precision Event Timer: Complicated, see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HPET
AppleHWClock.kext test
AppleHWSensor.kext test
AppleI2C.kext Inter-Integrated Circuit, used for connecting low-speed peripherels to a motherboard.
AppleI2S.kext Integrated Inter-chip Sound, an electrical serial bus interface standard used for connecting digital audio devices together
AppleI2SModemFamily.kext Same as above, but for modems.
AppleIRController.kext Driver for the infrared port used by the Apple Remote.
AppleIntelCPUPowerManagement.kext Used for speedstepping on real Macs, known to cause kernel panics on OSx86 systems that do not have a properly patched DSDT. *note: this does not provide functionality from the kext, only stops the kernel panic from occuring.
AppleIntelGMA950.kext Kernel extension for GMA 950 (mobility and desktop versions).
AppleIntelGMAX3100.kext Kernel extension for GMA X3100 graphics cards. GMA X3100 always refers to the mobile version, there is no known support for the GMA 3100 (Without the X), the desktop version.
AppleIntelGMAX3100FB.kext Framebuffer for GMA X3100
AppleIntelIntegratedFramebuffer.kext Built-in framebuffer for Integrated Intel (GMA950?) graphics cards.
AppleK2.kext Obsolete K2 is an older IO controller used with PowerMac G5’s, potentially obsolete? Nothing to do with Intel Macs at least.
AppleK2Driver.kext Obsolete K2 is an older IO controller used with PowerMac G5’s, potentially obsolete? Nothing to do with Intel Macs at least.
AppleK2Fan.kext Obsolete K2 is an older IO controller used with PowerMac G5’s, potentially obsolete? Nothing to do with Intel Macs at least.
AppleK2SATA.kext Obsolete K2 is an older IO controller used with PowerMac G5’s, potentially obsolete? Nothing to do with Intel Macs at least.
AppleK2SATARoot.kext ObsoleteK2 is an older IO controller used with PowerMac G5’s, potentially obsolete? Nothing to do with Intel Macs at least.
AppleKauaiATA.kext An island in Hawaii, also an Obsolete PPC ATA controller used in older Macs.
AppleKeyLargo.kext Obsolete The KeyLargo custom IC, the third major component of the Xserve architecture, is connected to the main PCI bus through a dedicated PCI-to-PCI bridge. It provides all the I/O functions except Ethernet and FireWire. The KeyLargo IC provides two USB root hubs, a UATA interface, and support for the LED display, also used in PowerMac G4’s.
AppleKeyswitch.kext Obsolete Xserve G5’s keyswitch security prevents unauthorized hot-plugging and mounting of a USB or FireWire hard drive. When the keyswitch is locked, the CD is ejected. In addition, the Security System pane provides configuration support for USB keyboard and mouse.
AppleKiwiATA.kext Obsolete I believe this is another IO Controller hub driver.
AppleKiwiRoot.kext Obsolete See above.
AppleLED.kext test
AppleLM7x.kext test
AppleLM87.kext test
AppleLM8x.kext test
AppleLMUController.kext test
AppleLPC.kext test
AppleLSIFusionMPT.kext test
AppleMCEDriver.kext test
AppleMPIC.kext test
AppleMacRISC2PE.kext test
AppleMacRISC4PE.kext Obsolete PPC only.
AppleMacRiscPCI.kext test
AppleMaxim1989.kext Obsolete PPC Only.
AppleMaxim6690.kext Obsolete PPC Only.
AppleMediaBay.kext test
AppleMikeyHIDDriver.kext test
AppleMobileDevice.kext test
AppleOnboardAudio.kext test
AppleOnboardDisplay.kext test
ApplePCCard16ATA.kext test
ApplePCCardATA.kext test
ApplePMU.kext Obsolete Power Management Unit, twice outdated (once by the SMU, then by the SMC)
ApplePlatformEnabler.kext support for non-ACPI compliant systems? (old kernel flag “Platform=X86PC” as opposed to Platform=ACPI)
AppleRAID.kext Software RAID
AppleRAIDCard.kext Hardware RAID card support
AppleRTC.kext Used for controlling the Real-Time Clock, the chip used to keep the computer time even when the system is turned off.
AppleSEP.kext This is a guess at best Signaling End Point, used for controlling signals in telecommunications, possibly having to do with modems. Info.plist makes reference to virtual interfaces and physical interconnects.
AppleSMBIOS.kext A normal PC SMBIOS defines data structures (and access methods) in a BIOS which allows a user or application to store and retrieve information specifically about the computer in question. The AppleSMBIOS.kext does the same thing with the OS X System Profiler.
AppleSMBusController.kext SMBus is a subset of I2C, used for communication with low-bandwidth devices on a motherboard, especially power related chips, such as temperature, fan, or voltage sensors, communicates with the ICH (I/O Controller Hub) on Intel chipsets, and with the MCP (Media Communications Processor) on nVidia chipsets.
AppleSMBusPCI.kext SMBus is a subset of I2C, this kext resumably does the same thing as the SMBUSController except for low bandwidth PCI devices specifically.
AppleSMC.kext System Manegement Controller, replaces the SMU, used for power management, optimization of airflow and keeping noise to a minimum inside the case.
AppleSMCLMU.kext sensors for macbooks, macbook3,1 & macbook4,1 & macbook5,1 .
AppleSMU.kext Obsolete The SMU manages thermal and power conditions to optimize the power and airflow while keeping audible noise to a minimum. Power consumption and temperature are monitored by the operating system, which communicates the necessary adjustments back to the SMU. The SMU makes the changes, slowing down or speeding up fans as necessary. Replaced by the SMC.
AppleSMUMonitor.kext Obsolete Monitoring for the System Management Unit. Replaced by the SMC.
AppleSPU.kext Obsolete PPC only, references ot keylargo and K2 in binary.
AppleSmartBatteryManager.kext SBD (Smart Battery Data) is a method to monitor a rechargeable battery pack, initiated by Duracell and Intel. A special integrated circuit in the battery pack monitors the battery and reports information to the SMBus. This information might include: type, model number, manufacturer, characteristics, discharge rate, predicted remaining capacity, almost-discharged alarm so that the PC can shut down gracefully; temperature and voltage to provide safe fast-charging.
AppleStorageDrivers.kext
AppleStorageDrivers.kext contains these kexts
Name Definition
AppleATAPIStorage.kext test
AppleHollywood.kext test
AppleMemorexCDROMDriver.kext test
AppleUSBODD.kext test
AppleXserveRAID.kext test
CanonEOS1D.kext test
FWPreferredProtocolSpeed.kext test
FireWireStorageDeviceSpecifics.kext test
IOFireWireSerialBusProtocolSansPhysicalUnit.kext test
LSI-FW-500.kext test
MKE-LF-D211A.kext test
MKE-SR-8171.kext test
MaxTranserSizeOverrideDriver.kext test
OxfordSemiconductor.kext test
PioneerSuperDrive.kext test
PreventMediaMountDriver.kext test
QPSQueFire.kext test
SanyoIDShot.kext test
SonyXDCAMDriver.kext test
StorageLynx.kext test
UFIWriteProtectedMediaDriver.kext test
USBStorageDeviceSpecifics.kext test
WriteProtectedMediaDriver.kext test
initioFWBridge.kext test
AppleSym8xx.kext Symbios Logic SCSI driver.
AppleThermal.kext test
AppleUSBAudio.kext USB audio driver.
AppleUSBDisplays.kext test
AppleUSBMultitouch.kext Multi-touch trackpad driver for the Aluminium Macbooks.
AppleUSBTopCase.kext reminder, make a new table for AppleUSBTCButtons.kext, AppleUSBTCKeyEventDriver.kext, AppleUSBTCKeyboard.kext, AppleUSBTCTrackpad.kext
AppleUpstreamUserClient.kext test
AppleVIA.kext test
AppleVSP.kext Obsolete PPC only, makes reference to PowerMac G3 in binary, no idea what this actually does.
AppleXsanFilter.kext test
Apple_iSight.kext Webcam kext (iSight is Apple’s webcam name).
ArcMSR.kext test
AudioDeviceTreeUpdater.kext test
AudioIPCDriver.kext test
BootCache.kext test
CHUDKernLib.kext test
CHUDProf.kext test
CHUDUtils.kext test
CM4040.kext test
CRYPTOCardPCCard.kext Smart card reader (for cryptographic cards).
Dont Steal Mac OS X.kext Used to support memory page encryption and decryption, presumably through interaction with an EFI module.
GeForce.kext One of three very important original Apple kexts required by OSx86 machines for nvidia graphics functionality. This kext is a MUST for QE/CI.
GeForcePPC.kext test
I2CGPIO.kext test
ICAClassicNotSeizeDriver.kext test
ICAFWKodakProDriver.kext test
IO80211Family.kext Basic wireless framework driver, further functionality for specific cards are in other kexts located *inside* of this kext (under the Contents/PlugIns/ directory), such as support for Broadcom or Atheros chipsets (to name the two most commonly supported chipsets).
IOACPIFamily.kext test
IOADBFamily.kext test
IOAHCIFamily.kext
AHCI Input/Output family most likely a meta-kext
Name Definition
IOAHCISerialATAPI.kext test
IOAHCIBlockStorage.kext test
IOATAFamily.kext
Meta-kext for ATA functionality?
Name Definition
AppleIntelPIIXATA.kext This is one of the main kexts used for SATA/ATA settings for the ICHx (I/O Controller Hub) family. If your ATA/SATA settings are not working and you’re using an ICHx southbridge, this is the first kext to look at.
IOATABlockStorage test
IOATAPIProtocolTransport.kext test
IOAudioFamily.kext test
IOBDStorageFamily.kext test
IOBluetoothFamily.kext test
IOBluetoothHIDDriver.kext test
IOCDStorageFamily.kext test
IODVDStorageFamily.kext test
IOFireWireAVC.kext test
IOFireWireFamily.kext test
IOFireWireIP.kext test
IOFireWireSBP2.kext test
IOFireWireSerialBusProtocolTransport.kext test
IOGraphicsFamily.kext test
IOHDAFamily.kext Found inside of AppleHDA.kext
IOHDIXController.kext Used for creation of and mounting of Disk Images, such as .dmg files.
IOHIDFamily.kext Input/output of human interface devices, such as keyboards/mice.
Note on IOI2C I�C (Inter-Integrated Circuit) is a multi-master serial computer bus invented by Philips that is used to attach low-speed peripherals to a motherboard, SMBus is a subset of this bus-type. Most of these are PPC ONLY - meaning completely OBSOLETE
IOI2CAD741x.kext Obsolete PPC Only
IOI2CADT746x.kext Obsolete PPC Only
IOI2CCPUVoltage.kext Unibin - Add more info
IOI2CControllerPMU.kext Obsolete PPC Only
IOI2CControllerPPC.kext Obsolete PPC Only
IOI2CControllerSMU.kext Obsolete PPC Only
IOI2CDeviceFCU.kext Obsolete PPC Only
IOI2CDeviceLMU.kext Unibin - Add more info
IOI2CDriveBayGPIO.kext Obsolete PPC Only
IOI2CFamily.kext Obsolete PPC Only
IOI2CHWClock.kext Unibin - Add more info
IOI2CLM6x.kext Obsolete PPC Only
IOI2CLM7x.kext Obsolete PPC Only
IOI2CLM8x.kext Obsolete PPC Only
IOI2CMaxim1631.kext Obsolete PPC Only
IOI2CMaxim1989.kext Obsolete PPC Only
IOI2CMaxim6690.kext Obsolete PPC Only
IOI2CMotionSensor.kext Obsolete PPC Only
IOI2CPulsar.kext Unibin - Add more info
IOI2CSMUSat.kext Obsolete PPC Only
IOI2CSlewClock.kext Unibin - Add more info
IOKeyLargo.kext test
IONDRVSupport.kext test
IONetworkingFamily.kext This kext provides a basic driver framework for Ethernet adaptors, further functionality for specific chipsets is provided by other kexts located *inside* of this kext (located under the Contents/PlugIns/ directory), such as support for Intel or Realtek chipsets (two of the most common ones).
IOPCCardFamily.kext test
IOPCIFamily.kext test
IOPlatformFunction.kext test
IOPlatformPluginFamily.kext test
IOSCSIArchitectureModelFamily.kext test
IOSCSIParallelFamily.kext test
IOSMBusFamily.kext test
IOSerialFamily.kext test
IOStorageFamily.kext test
IOStreamFamily.kext test
IOUSBFamily.kext test
IOUSBMassStorageClass.kext Needed for USB flash storage devices.
IOVideoFamily.kext test
IPFirewall.kext Pseudo Extension
ImmersionForceFeedback.kext test
JMicronATA.kext Exactly as it sounds, ATA driver for jmicron chipsets.
KeyLargoATA.kext Obsolete Key Largo ATA drivers.
LSIUltra320.kext Obsolete SCSI controller driver for LSUI Ultra 320.
LogitechForceFeedback.kext test
MacIOGPIO.kext Input/Output kext for General Purpose Input/Output biggrin.gif
MegaRAID.kext MegaRAID drivers.
NVDANV10Hal.kext test
NVDANV20Hal.kext test
NVDANV30Hal.kext test
NVDANV40Hal.kext One of three very important original Apple kexts required by OSx86 machines for nvidia graphics functionality. This kext provides support for 6xxx and 7xxx series nvidia cards.
NVDANV40HalPPC.kext PowerPC equivalent of NVDANV40Hal.kext.
NVDANV50Hal.kext One of three very important original Apple kexts required by OSx86 machines for nvidia graphics functionality. This kext provides support for 8xxx and 9xxx series nvidia cards.
NVDAResman.kext One of three very important original Apple kexts required by OSx86 machines for nvidia graphics functionality. This kext is responsible for providing resolution changing capabilities with nvidia graphics cards.
NVDAResmanPPC.kext Resolution changing for nvidia cards on PPC Macs.
NVSMU.kext Possible nvidia system management unit, ROM controller potentially?
OSvKernDSPLib.kext Kernel digital audio signal processing library?
PMUMotionSensor.kext Presumably an outdated kext, since it refers to the PMU (Power Management Unit), which has since been replaced not only once by the SMU (System Management Unit), but twice, by the SMC (System Management Controller).
PPP.kext Point-to-Point Protocol kext, associated with PPPoE.ppp, PPPSerial.ppp, PPTP.ppp, and Radius.ppp, all located inside /System/Library/Extensions/.
SCR24X_Apple_Driver.kext PCMCIA card driver for SCR24X smart card reader.
Seatbelt.kext Used for sandboxing, provides an additional layer of security when running programs downloaded from the internet or potentially dangerous code.
SM56KUSBAudioFamily.kext Note: New table for AppleSM56KUSBAudio.kext and AppleSM56KUSBModemFamily.kext
SMCMotionSensor.kext Current motion sensor kext for Macbooks, which have an integrated motion sensor, some games make use of it, mainly use to lock the hard drive in place if it detects sudden motion (such as dropping), or can be used in case of theft to trigger an alarm.
SoftRAID.kext test
System.kext
System.kext contains lots of Pseudo-Extensions
Name Description
AppleNMI.kext Pseudo-Extension - A non-maskable interrupt (NMI) is a computer processor interrupt that cannot be ignored by standard interrupt masking techniques in the system. It is typically used to signal attention for non-recoverable hardware errors. (Some NMIs may be masked, but only by using proprietary methods specific to the particular NMI.)
ApplePlatformFamily.kext test
BSDKernel.kext test
BSDKernel6.0.kext test
IOKit.kext test
IOKit6.0.kext test
IONVRAMFamily.kext test
IOSystemManagement.kext test
Libkern.kext test
Libkern6.0.kext test
MACFramework.kext test
Mach.kext test
Mach6.0.kext test
System6.0.kext test
Unsupported.kext test
TMSafetyNet.kext Used to protect accidental or intentional deletion of time machine backups. More info
VirtualAudioDriver.kext Most likely this Virtual Audio driver allows you to route the audio output of any program into the input of another
autofs.kext Used to eliminate the need to mount filesystems manually, probably guesses the filesystem and mounts it automatically with the available/appropriate options that OS X has for that specific filesystem.
cddafs.kext Compact Disc Digital Audio filesystem, presumably used to read/write audio cds following the CDDA standard.
iPodDriver.kext Absolutely mind-boggling what this kext could possibly ever do. Maybe someday its true mysteries will be explored.
iTunesPhoneDriver.kext iPhone driver, same as iPodDriver above, but for the iPhone.
mcxalr.kext Managed Client application launch restriction tool and agent - Used internally to manage and implement application launch restrictions for Managed Clients (MCX). Also used by Workgroup Manager to sign applications as root to insure all permissions and modes are preserved.
msdosfs.kext ms-dos filesystem driver.
ntfs.kext New Technology File System driver, allows OS X to read Windows NTFS volumes.
nvenet.kext Nvidia ethernet, has to do with ethernet on MCP73/MCP79 systems.
smbfs.kext Samba filesystem kext, responsible for providing the ability to mount remote Windows file shares using Samba
udf.kext Universal Disc Format filesystem driver, used to read/write to UDF formatted cd/dvd’s.
webdav_fs.kext Filesystem driver for WebDAV.Wikipedia: Web-based Distributed Authoring and Versioning, or WebDAV, is a set of extensions to the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) that allows users to collaboratively edit and manage files on remote World Wide Web servers.
webfilter.kext test
zfs.readonly.kext Read-only capability for the ZFS filesystem. There is a ZFS read/write kext available if one wishes to experiment with the ZFS filesystem under OS X.



OSx86 Community Contributed KEXTs
Name Definition (and Author, if known/applicable)
ALCinject.kext
AppleDecrypt.kext the newest decryption kext available, replaces dsmos.kext for decryption of OS X binaries. For more info on the encrypted binaries see this article by Amit Singh, author of “OS X Internals”.
AppleSMBIOSEFI.kext Kext written by Chun-Nan to resolve SMBIOS issues as opposed to hacking the original AppleSMBIOS.kext
SMBIOSEnabler.kext Kext written by Kabyl to resolve SMBIOS issues as opposed to hacking the original AppleSMBIOS.kext (deprecated in favour of SMBIOSResolver)
SMBIOSResolver.kext Kext written by Superhai to resolve SMBIOS issues as opposed to hacking the original AppleSMBIOS.kext
dsmos.kext

Used to decrypt binaries in the OS X Operating System, replaces Fakesmc.kext. For more info on the encrypted binaries see this article by Amit Singh, author of “OS X Internals”.

forcedeth.kext Outdated kext used to provide basic ethernet adaptor functionality for nforce-based motherboards.
HDAEnabler.kext High Definition Audio Enabler, provides increased functionality from ALCinject, with fake outputs in System Profiler as well.
Intel82566MM.kext A kext graciously crafted by Guijin Ding, can be used to get certain Intel LAN chipsets working properly, source available at his blog. Based off the open source e1000 driver from Linux/BSD.
Disabler.kext Used to disable kexts known to cause issues on standard PC’s, specifically AppleIntelCPUPowerManagement.kext, and AppleEFIRuntime.kext
Natit.kext

This kext injects pre-established values into the OS X IOREG from a graphics card, can be ATI, Intel, or nVidia depending on the version of the natit.kext used. replace by “Graphic Enabler=Yes

nforcelan.kext newest kext for providing driver functionality for nforce chipset based motherboards.
NVEnabler.kext This kext injects pre-established values that a nvidia graphics card provides into the OS X IOREG, enabling graphics driver functionality even 64Bit. replace by “Graphic Enabler=Yes
NVkush.kext This kext injects pre-established values that a nvidia graphics card provides into the OS X IOREG, enabling graphics driver functionality. replace by “Graphic Enabler=Yes
NVinject.kext This kext injects pre-established values that a nvidia graphics card provides into the OS X IOREG, enabling graphics driver functionality. replace by “Graphic Enabler=Yes
OpenHaltRestart.kext A kext provided by Psystar Inc., used to fix several shutdown/restart issues, no known correlation to sleep issues. Can be downloaded from Psystar’s website.
Titan.kext This kext injects pre-established values that a nvidia graphics card provides into the OS X IOREG, enabling graphics driver functionality. replace by “Graphic Enabler=Yes



To be added: agpgart, EHCISleepEnabler, HDAEnabler.kext, VoodooHDA.kext

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Posted by Ritz®™